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LCASE/LOWER

Description

The LCASE function (alias LOWER) converts all uppercase letters in a string to lowercase.

Syntax

LCASE(<str>)
LOWER(<str>)

Parameters

ParameterDescription
<str>The string to convert to lowercase. Type: VARCHAR

Return Value

Returns VARCHAR type, representing the string after conversion to lowercase.

Conversion rules:

  • Converts all uppercase letters in the string to their corresponding lowercase letters
  • Non-letter characters (numbers, symbols, spaces, etc.) remain unchanged
  • Letters that are already lowercase remain unchanged

Special cases:

  • If parameter is NULL, returns NULL
  • If string is empty, returns empty string
  • If string contains no uppercase letters, returns original string

Examples

  1. Basic English letter conversion
SELECT LOWER('AbC123'), LCASE('AbC123');
+-----------------+-----------------+
| LOWER('AbC123') | LCASE('AbC123') |
+-----------------+-----------------+
| abc123 | abc123 |
+-----------------+-----------------+
  1. Mixed character handling
SELECT LOWER('Hello World!'), LCASE('TEST@123');
+----------------------+------------------+
| LOWER('Hello World!') | LCASE('TEST@123') |
+----------------------+------------------+
| hello world! | test@123 |
+----------------------+------------------+
  1. NULL value handling
SELECT LOWER(NULL), LCASE(NULL);
+-------------+-------------+
| LOWER(NULL) | LCASE(NULL) |
+-------------+-------------+
| NULL | NULL |
+-------------+-------------+