NAMED_STRUCT
描述
根据给定的字段名和值构造并返回 struct。函数接受偶数个参数,奇数位是字段名,偶数位是字段值。
语法
NAMED_STRUCT( <field_name> , <field_value> [ , <field_name> , <field_value> ... ] )
参数
<field_name>
:构造 struct 的奇数位输入内容,字段的名字,必须为常量字符串<field_value>
:构造 struct 的偶数位输入内容,字段的值,可以是多列或常量
支持的元素类型:
- 数值类型:TINYINT、SMALLINT、INT、BIGINT、LARGEINT、FLOAT、DOUBLE、DECIMAL
- 字符串类型:CHAR、VARCHAR、STRING
- 日期时间类型:DATE、DATETIME、DATEV2、DATETIMEV2
- 布尔类型:BOOLEAN
- IP 类型:IPV4、IPV6
- 复杂类型:ARRAY、MAP、STRUCT
返回值
返回类型:STRUCT
返回值含义:
- 返回一个包含所有指定字段名和值对的结构体
- 所有字段都支持 NULL 值
使用说明
- 函数会将所有字段名和值对组合成一个结构体,奇数位是字段的名字,必须为常量字符串,且不能重复,大小写不敏感,偶数位是字段的值,可以是多列或常量
- 参数个数必须大于1的为非 0 偶数
- 所有字段都标记为可空(nullable)
查询示例:
基本用法:
select named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'age', 25, 'city', 'Beijing');
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'age', 25, 'city', 'Beijing') |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| {"name":"Alice", "age":25, "city":"Beijing"} |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
包含 null 值:
select named_struct('id', 1, 'name', null, 'score', 95.5);
+----------------------------------------------------+
| named_struct('id', 1, 'name', null, 'score', 95.5) |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| {"id":1, "name":null, "score":95.5} |
+----------------------------------------------------+
包含复杂类型:
select named_struct('array', [1,2,3], 'map', {'key':'value'}, 'struct', named_struct('f1',1,'f2',2));
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| named_struct('array', [1,2,3], 'map', {'key':'value'}, 'struct', named_struct('f1',1,'f2',2)) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| {"array":[1, 2, 3], "map":{"key":"value"}, "struct":{"f1":1, "f2":2}} |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
创建包含 IP 地址的命名结构体:
select named_struct('ipv4', cast('192.168.1.1' as ipv4), 'ipv6', cast('2001:db8::1' as ipv6));
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| named_struct('ipv4', cast('192.168.1.1' as ipv4), 'ipv6', cast('2001:db8::1' as ipv6)) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| {"ipv4":"192.168.1.1", "ipv6":"2001:db8::1"} |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
错误示例 参数少于2个:
select named_Struct();
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = named_struct requires at least two arguments, like: named_struct('a', 1)
select named_struct('name');
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = named_struct requires at least two arguments, like: named_struct('a', 1)
参数个数为奇数:
select named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'age');
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = named_struct can't be odd parameters, need even parameters named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'age')
字段名重复,字段名大小写不敏感:
select named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'name', 'Bob');
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = The name of the struct field cannot be repeated. same name fields are name
select named_struct('name', 'Alice', 'Name', 'Bob');
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = The name of the struct field cannot be repeated. same name fields are name